Umuntu watsinze ni iki? Dukurikije ibipimo byibitabo byatsinze ku kibuga cyindege, dushobora kumva intsinzi kuburyo bukurikira: intsinzi ni amanota 30 gusa yimpano nakazi gakomeye, ariko ihembwa amanota 100. Ntabwo aribyo? Ibyinshi mu bitabo byatsinze ku kibuga cyindege byigisha abantu gukora marketing ku giti cyabo kugirango imyumbati igurishwe ku giciro cya zahabu.
Ukurikije iki gipimo, Fang Zhouzi ntagushidikanya ko ari umuntu utatsinzwe.
Fang Zhouzi, umuntu utatsinzwe
Nko mu 1995, Fang Zhouzi yabonye impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga ya dogiteri y’ibinyabuzima yakuye muri kaminuza ya Leta ya Michigan muri Amerika. Hamwe nubu buhanga bwumwuga wenyine, arashobora kubaho ubuzima butuje kandi busumba ayandi muri Amerika. Icyakora, kubera ko yari akiri muto, yagize ibyiyumvo byurukundo nkumusizi kandi ntiyashakaga kumara ubuzima bwe muri laboratoire, nuko ahitamo gusubira murugo.
Nkumuganga wambere wiga muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika, kugaruka kwe mubushinwa byatumye ubushinwa bwiyongera cyane mubukungu mumyaka irenga icumi. Hamwe na Fang Zhouzi ubuhanga bwubuhanzi nubumenyi, yashoboraga kuba mwiza neza. Benshi mubanyeshuri bigana bagomba kuba bafite amazu meza n'imodoka zizwi.
Umuhanda wa Fang Zhouzi “wo guhashya ibicuruzwa byiganano” watwaye imyaka 10 yuzuye kuva yashinga urubuga rwo kurwanya impimbano “New Threads” mu 2000. Fang Zhouzi yavuze ko azajya akumira ibicuruzwa bigera ku 100 buri mwaka ugereranyije, bikaba 1.000 mu myaka 10. Ikirenze ibyo, Fang Zhouzi, uhora akunda kuganira nukuri, ntabwo yigeze ananirwa guhashya ibicuruzwa byiganano mumyaka 10. Ruswa yamasomo yagaragaye umwe umwe, uburiganya bwerekanaga amabara yabo nyayo, kandi rubanda rumurikirwa umwe umwe.
Ariko, Fang Zhouzi ntabwo yabonye inyungu nyinshi, kandi kugeza ubu abaturage bo ku mugabane wa Afurika ntibashoboye kureba ku rubuga "Urubuga rushya" bisanzwe. Nubwo Fang Zhouzi azwi cyane kwisi yose, ntabwo yinjije umutungo kubera iki. Amafaranga yinjiza ahanini aturuka mu kwandika ibitabo bya siyansi bizwi cyane hamwe n'inkingi z'itangazamakuru.
Kugeza ubu, Fang Zhouzi yanditse ibitabo 18 bya siyansi bizwi, ariko nk'umwanditsi wa siyansi uzwi cyane, ibitabo bye ntabwo byagurishijwe neza. Ati: “Mu bitabo nanditse, igitabo gifite ibicuruzwa byiza byagurishijwe cyagurishijwe kopi ibihumbi icumi, kikaba kiri kure y'ibitabo bibungabunga ubuzima bifite kopi miliyoni icumi.” Tumubajije ibijyanye no kugurisha ibikorwa bya siyansi izwi cyane, yarabivuze. Kubijyanye ninjiza, ntabwo aruta cyane abakozi ba cola yera.
Fang Zhouzi ntabwo abuze amahirwe yo gushaka umutungo. Isosiyete ikora ibicuruzwa byita ku buzima yavuze ko batakaje miliyoni 100 Yuan kubera Fang Zhouzi yatangaje. Mu bihe byinshi bifitanye isano n'amata, ntabwo bigoye kuri Fang Zhouzi kwinjiza amamiriyoni mugihe azaba afunguye umunwa. Kubwamahirwe, ukurikije ibitekerezo bimwe byubusa byo gutsinda, ubwenge bwamarangamutima bwa Fang Zhouzi buri hasi cyane kandi ntanubwo akora kuri ayo mahirwe. Amaze imyaka 10, agira abanzi benshi, ariko ntabwo yigeze abona ko yabonye inyungu zidakwiye. Ni muri urwo rwego, Fang Zhouzi rwose ni igi ridafite ikizinga.
Impimbano ntabwo yinjije amafaranga gusa, ahubwo yanatakaje amafaranga menshi. Fang Zhouzi yatsinzwe mu manza enye kubera kurinda ingabo zimwe na zimwe ndetse n'ibyemezo by'urukiko bidasobanutse. Mu 2007, yashinjwaga kuba yariganye kandi atsindwa mu rubanza. Konti y'umugore we yagabanijwe bucece hamwe na 40.000. Irindi shyaka naryo ryateye ubwoba kwihorera. Kubera kwiheba, byabaye ngombwa ko ajyana umuryango we mu rugo rw'incuti.
Mu minsi mike ishize, "gutsindwa" kwa Fang Zhouzi bigeze aharindimuka, hafi yo gushyira ubuzima bwe mu kaga: ku ya 29 Kanama, yagabweho igitero n'abantu babiri hanze y'urugo rwe. Umwe yagerageje kumutera aneste ikintu akekwaho ether, undi yitwaje inyundo kugirango amwice. Ku bw'amahirwe, Fang Zhouzi "yari umunyabwenge vuba, yiruka vuba kandi atera isasu" afite ibikomere byoroheje mu rukenyerero.
Fang Zhouzi yagize "kunanirwa", ariko abashuka n'abashuka yashyize ahagaragara baracyatsinze, ibyo bikaba aribyo byamunaniye bikomeye.
“Dr. Xi Tai” Tang Jun ntabwo yasabye imbabazi kugeza ubu kandi yashinze isosiyete nshya yo kujya ku isoko muri Amerika. Zhou Senfeng aracyicaye ku mwanya we nk'umuyobozi waho, kandi kaminuza ya Tsinghua ntacyo yigeze itanga ku kwiba. Nubwo Yu Jinyong yaburiwe irengero, ntiyigeze yumva ko yakorewe iperereza kuri ibyo bakekwaho kuba bitemewe. Hariho kandi Li Yi, “umupadiri udapfa wa Taoist”, “weguye mu ishyirahamwe rya Taoist” nyuma yo gushyirwa ahagaragara. Icyakora, nta raporo ivuga ku byaha akekwaho bikomeye nk'uburiganya ndetse n'ubuvuzi butemewe. Fang Zhouzi yemeye kandi ko ahangayikishijwe no kurinda Li Yi ingabo zaho kandi ko yari afite imyifatire yo gutegereza no kureba niba amaherezo Li Yi azakurikiranwa. Hariho kandi umubare munini wabarimu bashinje ibinyoma kandi baribye. Fang Zhouzi amaze kubihishura, benshi muribo baragiye. Bake muribo bakoze iperereza kandi bakemurwa muri sisitemu.
Fang Zhouzi agomba gukubitwa
Ubwisanzure bw'abiganano n'abashuka buratandukanye cyane n'ubwigunge bwa Fang Zhouzi. Ibi rwose ni ibintu bidasanzwe muri societe yubu. Ariko, ndatekereza ko igitero cyagabwe kuri Fang Zhouzi nigisubizo byanze bikunze cyiterambere ryibi bihe bidasanzwe. Kubera kubura ibihano bihamye kubiganano, kubemerera kudahanwa mubyukuri bishyira mubyago.
Ntabwo aribyo? Igihe abashimusi bashyizwe ahagaragara, itangazamakuru ryarinjiye kandi bagomba kuba babanje guhinda umushyitsi, ariko uko abantu bamenyekanye, basanze uburyo bwo guhana busanzwe butakurikijwe. Bashobora no gukoresha imibanire y'ubwoko bwose kugirango bahindure politiki mubicuruzwa byabo bwite kandi bareke ubucamanza bukore nk'intoki zabo. Fang Zhouzi, iyo ugushyize ahagaragara nibitangazamakuru bikakumenyesha, mpagaze neza. Wankorera iki?
Nyuma yibitero byagarutsweho, abatekamutwe babonye inzira: nta sisitemu yumvikana yakurikirana, itangazamakuru ntirigira ubwoba bwinshi, igitekerezo rusange cyitangazamakuru, burigihe cyose gitera akaduruvayo, burigihe bibagirwa vuba.
Usibye itangazamakuru, abashuka basanze kandi Fang Zhouzi ari we mwanzi wenyine wabasangaga, atari gahunda. Kubwibyo rero, bemeza ko mu kwica Fang Zhouzi, bakubise umuhanda kugira ngo bahashye ibicuruzwa byiganano. Uwamuteye yamwangaga avuga ukuri kandi yizeraga ko igihe azarimburwa, ikinyoma kizatsinda. Kuberako, numuntu umwe murugamba.
Impamvu uwagabye igitero yatinyutse kwica Fang Zhouzi muburyo buteye ubwoba nuko akenshi, iperereza ryibibazo nkibi rifite intege nke. Mu gihe gishize, Fang Xuanchang, umwanditsi w'ikinyamakuru Caijing, wafatanyije na Fang Zhouzi mu guhashya ibicuruzwa by'impimbano, yakomeretse bikabije ubwo abantu babiri bamuteraga bakoresheje ibyuma mu nzira bava ku kazi. Ikinyamakuru kimaze kumenyesha polisi ikibazo, cyohereje amabaruwa abiri ishami rishinzwe umutekano rusange risaba kwitabwaho. Igisubizo cyabaye urubanza rusanzwe rudafite abapolisi.
Fang Zhouzi yagize ati: “Niba inzego z'umutekano z'abaturage zaritaye cyane ku gitero cyagabwe kuri Fang Xuanchang zigahita zikora iperereza kandi zigakemura iki kibazo, cyaba ari uburinzi bukomeye ku bahohotewe, kandi ibyabaye nakurikiranye muri iki gihe ntibishobora kuba.” Birashoboka ko guhunga abanyabyaha kurushundura ari kwerekana ibikorwa bibi.
Birumvikana ko ukurikije ibyashize, intego yibitero bya Fang Zhouzi ni ndende cyane. Niba abayobozi ba komite ya politiki n’amategeko basabye igihe ntarengwa cyo gukemura ibyaha, amahirwe yo gukemura ibyaha ntazaba make. Ndacyashaka kuvuga nkonje ko niba ikibazo cya Fang Zhouzi kitarangiye, ubutabera no kugendera ku mategeko ntibishobora kuboneka muri sosiyete yacu. Nubwo, ikibazo cya Fang Zhouzi cyakemuka, birashoboka ko ari intsinzi yubutegetsi bwabantu. Hatariho gahunda yimibereho myiza, niyo Fang Zhouzi yaba afite umutekano, iherezo rusange ryaba muckrakers batagira izina hamwe nabatanga amakuru muri iyi societe biracyahangayikishije.
Imyitwarire n'ubutabera rero byasenyutse
Kera, igihe niga filozofiya mbonezamubano, ntabwo numvaga neza impamvu "Theory of Justice" yari igamije kugabana. Nyuma, nasobanukiwe buhoro ko gukwirakwiza ari ishingiro ryimyitwarire mbonezamubano. Kubivuga neza, uburyo bwimibereho busaba abantu beza kugira ibisubizo byiza. Muri ubu buryo, umuryango ushobora kugira imyitwarire, iterambere no gutera imbere. Ibinyuranye nibyo, imyitwarire mbonezamubano izasubira inyuma kandi izasenyuka kandi isenyuke kubera ruswa.
Fang Zhouzi amaze imyaka 10 ahashya ibicuruzwa byiganano. Ku bijyanye no kugaruka kwe ku giti cye, ashobora kuvugwa ko "yangiza abandi ariko ntamwungukire". Inyungu yonyine nubutabera bwacu. Yatumye abantu b'impimbano ku giti cyabo badafite aho bihisha n'umuriro utaziguye. Yagumanye ingoro y’amasomo n’ubuziranenge bwa nyuma bw’imyitwarire mbonezamubano imyaka icumi, kandi areka imbaraga mbi zitinya kubera kubaho kwe.
Fang Zhouzi yarwanyije abadayimoni wenyine, nkumuntu uhanganye, wera kandi ukomeye. Yabaye "umurwanyi" uzwi cyane kubera guhashya ibicuruzwa byiganano kandi hafi yabaye umumaritiri. Kuri Fang Zhouzi, birashobora kuba ikiremwamuntu cyiza, ariko kuri societe yose, ni agahinda.
Niba umuryango wacu, nka Fang Zhouzi, ushikamye kandi utarangwamo ruswa, ariko abagize uruhare runini mu mibereho myiza n’ubutabera ntibabona inyungu nziza, ku rundi ruhande, ubwo buriganya buragenda burushaho kuba bwiza, noneho imyitwarire myiza n’ubutabera bizasenyuka vuba.
Umugore wa Fang Zhouzi yiteze ko abapolisi ba Beijing bata muri yombi umwicanyi vuba, kandi akaba ateganya kandi ko umuryango w'Abashinwa utagikeneye Fang Zhouzi kurwanya abadayimoni wenyine. Niba societe idafite gahunda nuburyo bunoze kandi igahora ireka abantu bagahura nabadayimoni, noneho abantu benshi bazafatanya nabadayimoni vuba.
Niba Fang Zhouzi abaye Umushinwa watsinzwe, Ubushinwa ntibushobora gutsinda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-02-2010